What
is Heart Bypass Surgery (CABG) ?
Coronary artery bypass graft
(CABG) surgery is a procedure that improves blood flow to the heart. To bypass
the damaged arteries, a surgeon uses blood vessels from another part of your
body.
This procedure is performed when the coronary arteries become clogged or damaged. These arteries carry oxygenated blood to your heart. The heart does not function correctly if these arteries are obstructed or blood flow is restricted. This may result in cardiac failure.
Depending on how many of your arteries are clogged, our doctor will
suggest a specific form of bypass surgery.
1. There is only one bypass if
its only one artery that is obstructed.
2. There is a double bypass if
two arteries are completely obstructed.
3. There is a triple bypass
when three arteries have been blocked.
4. There's a quadruple bypass
when there are four arteries that are obstructed.
The number of arteries blocked determines your chance of having a heart attack, heart failure, or another cardiac problem. More arteries blocked indicate the surgery will take longer and be more complicated.
When is Heart Bypass Surgery Needed ?
If the heart does not receive enough
blood, it is more likely to become overworked and fail. If your coronary
arteries become so restricted or clogged that you are at risk of having a heart
attack, our doctor may propose heart bypass surgery. When the blockage is too
severe to be treated with medicine or other treatments, our doctor may propose
bypass surgery.
Heart Bypass Surgery/ Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting may be required due to following conditions:
1. Coronary Artery Disease
When plaque, a type of blood
substance, develops on the artery walls, blood flow to the heart muscle is
reduced. Atherosclerosis is the name for this form of coronary artery
disease (CAD).
This disease lowers blood flow in the arteries that deliver blood to the heart when this restricted blood channel no longer supplies blood to the heart; the heart muscle begins to die, eventually leading to a heart attack. Chest discomfort, heaviness, burning, squeezing, pain in arms and shoulders, perspiration, and dizziness are all indications of coronary artery disease.
2. Ventricular Dysfunction:
CABG is also performed in patients who have acquired muscular weakness
of the left ventricle, causing a reduction in the heart's ejectile fraction.
3. Heart Attack:
CABG is sometimes used as an emergency surgery in patients who have suffered a sudden deadly cardiac arrest (heart attack).
4. Restenosis of the coronary artery:
In patients who have symptoms of restenosis of the coronary artery after an angioplasty or stent procedure, CABG is the sole treatment option.
Our team of experienced cardiologists determines whether or not you are a
candidate for open-heart surgery. Some medical issues like Diabetes, emphysema,
kidney disease, and peripheral arterial disease can make surgery more difficult
or perhaps prevent it altogether.
Before arranging your operation, talk to your doctor about these concerns. You should also discuss any prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) medications you're taking, as well as your family's medical history. The outcomes of planned surgery are usually better than those of emergency surgery.
What are
the benefits of CABG Surgery?
Coronary bypass surgery is performed to treat heart attacks and severe chest discomfort (angina) caused by blockages in the arteries supplying blood to the heart muscle. It is especially advantageous for patients who have major cardiovascular illness, as the surgeon joins (grafts) a blood vessel obtained from elsewhere in the body to the defective heart artery. It can save your life if you are suffering a heart attack or are at high risk of having one. If you're suffering from angina and shortness of breath caused by damaged heart arteries, elective coronary bypass surgery can help you feel better.
Procedure of Heart bypass surgery
You'll change into a hospital gown and be given medication,
fluids, and anaesthetic through an IV before surgery. You'll go into a deep,
painless sleep as soon as the anaesthetic kicks in.
The procedure begins with an incision in the center of your
chest by your surgeon. The rib cage is then spread apart, revealing the
heart. Minimally invasive surgery, which uses smaller incisions, particularly
miniature devices, and robotic treatments, may be an option for your physician.
The cardiopulmonary bypass
machine is connected while your surgeon works on your heart, you may be
connected to a cardiopulmonary bypass machine, which circulates oxygenated
blood throughout your body.
Some treatments are done
"off-pump," which means you won't need to be paired up to a
cardiopulmonary bypass machine.
Your surgeon will next cut a
healthy blood vessel from your leg to bypass the piece of your artery that is
obstructed or damaged. The graft is connected with one end above the blockage
and the other below.
The bypass's function is verified once your surgeon is finished. You'll be sewn up, bandaged, and transported to the intensive care unit (ICU) for monitoring once the bypass is working.
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